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7th International Symposium on Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis
Lausanne, Switzerland
07.05.2009 - 09.05.2009 |
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PosterThursday, May 07, 2009, 09:00 - 18:00Effect of a low carbohydrate weight-reducing diet versus a high fruit and vegetable weight loss diet and a weight control group on markers of bone turnoverR.H.T. Gannon, R. Hiscutt, H. Truby, H. Macdonald, D.P. Lovell, S. Shapses, W.D. Fraser, J. Dutton, S. Lanham-New (Lausanne, CH; Guildford, UK; Herston, AUS; Aberdeen, UK; New Brunswick, USA; Liverpool, UK)
Introduction: The effect of high acidity, weight-reducing diets on markers of bone health remains undefined. The health-related benefits of a high consumption of fruit & vegetables on a variety of diseases, including skeletal health have been advocated by several health organizations. The aims of this study were two fold: (1) determine estimates of net endogenous acid production (NEAP) (measured using the algorithms Pro:K and NAEindirect respectively, as detailed elsewhere Frassetto et al., 2007) in three intervention groups; (i) a low carbohydrate weight reducing diet (LCD); (ii) a high fruit and vegetable weight loss group (F&V); (iii) a weight control group (WM) and (2) investigate the short-term (6mths) effect of the aforementioned groups on bone turnover markers.
Methods: A total of sixty-eight overweight/obese (BMI 27–40 kg/m2) men aged 21–65 years were recruited from the County of Surrey, Southern UK. Subjects initially consumed their usual non-weight-reducing diet for 1 week and were then invited to participate on either the LCD (carbohydrate-restricted induction diet of 20g/d or less for the initial 2 weeks of the diet, increasing slightly thereafter) or an alternative F&V weight-reducing diet (~9 portions of fruit and vegetables/d) for 6mths. A WM control group was also recruited to reflect dietary acidity estimates, indicative of a normal Western diet. Dietary intake, anthropometrics and fasting blood and urine samples were measured at baseline, 2mths and 6mths. Serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP) and serum beta C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) were measured using an ECLIA. Free deoxypyridinoline and pyridinoline cross-links (fDPD and fPYD) were measured using automated techniques. Values were then expressed relative to creatinine (fDPD/Cr and fPYD/Cr, respectively).
Results: Subjects from the LCD group had significantly higher levels of dietary acidity when compared to the F&V or WM groups(p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in estimated NEAP in the F&V group at 6 mths (p<0.05). Repeated-measures ANOVA showed no differences between groups for any of the bone turnover markers measured.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that the acid generating potential of the LCD diet is high, reflective of the high-protein/low potassium contents of the diet. This study did not demonstrate a detrimental effect of high acidic-weight reducing diets on bone turnover markers.
Frassetto et al. (2007) Journal of Nutrition 137, 1491-1492.
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